BS ISO 5131:1996 download

07-13-2021 comment

BS ISO 5131:1996 download.Acoustics — Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Measurement of noise at the operator’s position — Survey method.
Introduction
0.1 In this revision of ISO 5131, the ‘Seat Index Position” (SIP) has been adopted in place of the “Seat Reference Point” (SRP). The mean seat position now used in this test is in accordance with ISO 5353. The test seat is therefore moved to the mean horizontal position instead of the rearmost position used in the previous edition. The adjustment figure used is half the minimum horizontal adjustment as stated in ISO 4253:1993, Agricultural tractors — Operator’s seating accommodation — Dimensions.
To adopt the seat index point (SIP) in place of the seat reference point (SRP). the relationship of SIP 90 mm above and 140 mm in front of the SRP has been used. This relationship should be used when converting from SRP to SIP or vice versa.
ISO 3462:1980, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat reference point — Met hod of determination, used a relationship of SIP 97 mm above and 130 mm in front of the seat reference point. In a practical comparison, however, it has been found that the 90 mm vertical and 140 mm horizontal relationship gives the most accurate conversion.
Variations from ISO 3462 arise from the following:
a) seat cushions are not horizontal in practice;
b) the angle of the seat cushion to the backrest is not 90°;
c) the curvature on the backrest places the SIP device slightly forward of the SRP device.
0.2 When the first edition of ISO 5131 was initially reviewed, the objective was to produce a consistent, meaningful and simple low-cost test. Cab designs from the major manufacturers were such that A-weighted sound pressure levels were all well below the critical 90 dB level and this was a reason for dropping the drawbar-load in favour of a simple no-load test.
More recent requirements, however, propose that operators should be made aware of the levels of noise to which they may be exposed during normal work so that the operators or their employers may take necessary action. To achieve this, it has been necessary to reinstate the drawbar-load test and further to include an optional “doors and windows open” test.
1 Scope
BS ISO 5131 specifies a method for the measurement of the noise at the position of the operator(s) of a tractor or machine used in agriculture and forestry. The measured noise relates only to the basic machine and applies to self-propelled tractors and machines with either machine-carried or pedestrian operators. The results will provide information which will enable operators to avoid exposing themselves to noise levels which could put their hearing at risk.
The test procedures specified in BS ISO 5131 are survey methods as defined in
ISO 2204.
BS ISO 5131 also specifies the general conditions for measuring and reporting the noise at an operator’s position on agricultural and forestry tractors and field machines.
Additional conditions for measurements in connection with particular types of machines are specified in annexes as follows:
Annex A — Agricultural and forestry tractors Annex B — Self-propelled agricultural machines Annex C — Pedestrian-controlled agricultural machines
Annex D — Forestry forwarders and skidders The conditions specified for the operation of the machines during the measurements are designed to provide a realistic and repeatable assessment of the maximum noise to which an operator should be subjected when operating a machine.
NOTE 1 Further annexes specifying, for example, additional conditions for other types of agricultural and forestry machinery may be included in future reviiions of this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of BS ISO 5131. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standard8 are subject. to revision, and parties to agreements based on BS ISO 5131 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of fEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2204:1979. Acoustics — Guide to International Standards on the measurement of airborne acoustical noise and evaluation of its effects on human beings.
ISO 5353:1995. Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat index point.
IEC 651:1979, Sound level meters.
IEC 942:1988, Sound calibrators.
I EC 1260:1995. Elect roacoustics — Octave-band
and fractional-octave-band filters.
3 Measurement requirements
3.1 All readings of the sound level meter shall be taken with the time weighting S.
3.2 The values measured shall be A.weighted sound pressure levels for the overall sound levels, expressed in decibels.
3.3 Spectral analysis is optional. When it is required, the values measured shall be octave-band sound pressure levels, in decibels.
4 Measuring equipment
4.1 A sound level meter which meets at least the requirements of IEC 651 for a type 1 instrument shall be used, although compliance in this respect will not necessarily be sufficient to meet the requirement for precision stated by the user of BS ISO 5131 or by the regulatory authority.
4.2 If alternative measuring equipment, including for example a tape recorder and/or level recorder, is used, the tolerances of the several sections of the measuring chain shall not exceed the tolerances given in the relevant clauses of IEC 651. If a tape recorder is used as part of the measuring equipment, it may be necessary to include suitable weighting networks for recording and reproduction to provide an adequate signal-to-noise ratio over the whole frequency range of interest.
4.3 Measurement of the sound frequency spectrum shall be carried out using a frequency analyser fitted with octave filters in accordance with the requirements of IEC 1260 for a class 1 filter.
NOTE 2 Care should be taken, particularly when a microphone with a diameter of more than 13 mm is used, to ensure that microphone characteristics do not lead to errors when the sound is directional. It i8 recommended that, when necessary, a random incidence adaptor be used to ensure that the omnidirectionality is not worse than that of a type 2 sound level meter as specified in I EC 651. Within a cab the multidirectional nature of the sound will normally avoid errors due to the microphone directional characteristics.
4.4 The calibration of the equipment at the time of the measurements shall be in accordance in all respects with JEC 651. Checking of the equipment shall be carried out at appropriate intervals and at least immediately before and after the measuring session using a sound calibrator in accordance with the requirements of I EC 942 for a class I calibrator. The calibrator shall be checked annually to verify its output and its initial calibration shall be traceable to national standards.
5 Acoustical environment, weather conditions and background noise
5.1 The test area shall be a flat open space and shall be within at least 20 in of the test machine. There shall be no obstacle likely to reflect significant
sound, such as a building, solid fence, tree or other vehicle. Where a dynamometer vehicle or recording vehicle is used, this shall be towed or driven to a
distance remote enough to avoid interference.
5.2 The air temperature shall be in the range
from — 5 °C to 30 °C and the wind velocity shall not exceed 5 mIs at the operator’s position. Other
meteorological conditions shall be such that they do not influence the measurements.
5.3 The level of the background noise and the
A-weighted sound pressure level of the noise of the wind shall be at least 10 dB below the level
measured during the test. Where a spectral analysis is required, the level of background noise shall be at least 10 dfl below the corresponding level in each
frequency band measured during the test.
5.4 No person other than the operator of the tractor or machine shall be in the driving position or cab
during measurements. Where the noise at the
position of other operators on the machine is being measured, the usual number of operators shall be present. No person other than the operator(s) shall be in such a position as to influence the noise
measurements.
6 Condition of tractor or machine
The tractor or machine shall comply with the
manufacturer’s product specification and shall be operated in accordance with his instructions.
Engine, transmission and hydraulic systems shall be operated as appropriate to stabilize
temperatures before making the measurements. Specific conditions for the particular types of
machines covered by BS ISO 5131 are given in annexes A to D.
7 Operators
For pedestrian-controlled machines and those with a standing operator, the operator shall be chosen to have a stature of 1,72 13 m. Operators shall not wear abnormally thick clothing or any hat or scarf which might influence the sound measurement.

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