ISO 180:2019 pdf free download.Plastics-Determination of Izod impact strength.
1 Scope
1.1 ISO 180 specifies a method for determining the Izod Impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Dilfrrent test parameters are specified according to the type olmaterlal, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
1.2 The method Is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations Inherent in the test conditions.
1.3 The method is suitable for use with the following range of materials:
— rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types; rigid thermoplastics sheets:
— rigid thermosetting moulding materials. Including filled and reinforced compounds; rigid thermosetting sheets, Including laminates;
— fibre-reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional reinforcements such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, ravings and milled fibres arid sheet made from preimpregnated materials (prepregs);
— thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.4 The method Is not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials and sandwich structures containing cellular material, Notched specimens are also not normally used for long-fibre-reinforced composites or thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.5 The method is suited to the use of specimens which can be either moulded to the chosen dimensions. machined from the central portion of a standard multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 20753) or machined from finished or semi-finished products such as mouldings, bmlnates and extruded or cast sheet.
1.6 The method specifies preferred dimensions for the test specimen Tests which are carried out on specimens of different dimensions or with different notches, or specimens which are prepared under different conditions, may produce results which are riot comparable. Other factors, such as the energy capacity of the apparatus, its impact velocity and the conditioning of the specimens can also influence the results. Consequently, when comparative data are required, these factors are to be carefully controlled and recorded.
1.7 The method is not intended to be used as a source of data for design calculations. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing at different temperatures. by varying the notch radius and/or the thickness and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to In the text In such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of ISO 180. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (Including any amendments) applies.
<Iammar-reinforced plastics> tmpaLt with the direction of blow normal to the plane of remforcernent Note I to entry: This kind ol impact Is not usually used with the Izod test. but Is indicated [or the sake of completion (see also Figure 1).
4 Principle
The test specimen, supported as a vertical cantilever beam. is broken by a single impact of a striker. with the line of impact a fixed distance from the specimen clamp and, in the case of notched specimens. from the centreline of the notch (see Eigiirg2).
5 Apparatus
5.1 Test machine
5.1.1 The principles, characteristics and verification of suitable test machines are detailed In ISO 13802. ISO 13802 describes partial verification and full verification. In the case of full verification, some items are difficult to vetiI’ when the apparatus is assembled. Such verifications are assumed to he incumbent on the manufacturer,
5.1.2 Some pLastics are sensitive to clamping pressure. When testing such materials, a means of standardizing the clamping force shall be used and the clamping force shall be recorded in the test report. The damping force can be controlled by using a calibrated torque wrench or a pneumatic or hydraulic device on the vice clamping screw.
5.2 Micrometers and gauges
Micrometers and gauges capable of measuring the essential dimensionsof testspecimens to an accuracy of 0,02 mm are required. For measuring the dimension bN of notched specimens, the micrometer shall be fitted with an anvil of width 2 mm to 3 mm and of suitable profile to fit the shape of the notch.
6 Test specimens
6.1 PreparatIon
6.1.1 Moulding and extrusion compounds
Specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the relevant material specification. When none exists, and unless otherwise specIfied, specimens shall be either directly compression-moulded or injection-moulded from the material in accordance with ISO 293, ISO 294.1. ISO 295 or ISO 10724-I as appropriate, or machined in accordance with ISO 2818 Prom sheet that has been compression, or injection-moulded Prom the compound. Specimens may also be cut from multipurpose test specimens complying with ISO 20753, type A.
6.12 Sheets
Specimens shall be machined from sheets in accordance with ISO 2818. Whenever possibLe, specimens with notch A shall be used. The machined surface of unnotched specimens shall not be tested under tension.
6.13 Long-Ilbre-relnlorced materials
A panel shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 1268 or another specified or agreed upon preparation procedure. Specimens shall be machined in accordance with the relevant part of ISO 1268.
6.1.4 Checking
The specimens shall be Free of twist and shall have mutually perpendicular parallel surfaces. The surfaces and edges shall be free from scratches, pits, sink marks and flash.
The specimens shall be checked for conformity with these requirements by visual observation against straightedges, squares and flat plates, and by measuring with micrometer callipers.
Specimens showing measurable or observable departure from one or more of these requirements shall be rejected or machined to proper size and shape before testing.
6.1.5 Notching
6.1.5.1 It is preferred that notches are machined into test specimens. Machined notches shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 2818. The profile of the cutting tooth shall be such as to produce in the specimen a notch of the contour and depth shown in Fgure 3. at right angles to its principal axes. The notch profile shall be checked at regular intervals.
6.1.5.2 Specimens with moulded.in notches may be used if specified for the material being tested. Specimens with moulded.in notches do not give results comparable to those obtained from specimens with machined notches. The notch profile shall be checked at regular intervals.
6.2 Anisotropy
Certain types of sheet or panel material may show different impact properties depending cm the direction in the plane of the sheet or panel. In such cases, it is customary to cut groups of test specimens with their matar axes respectively parallel and perpendicular to the direction of some feature of the sheet or panel which is either visible or inlerred from knowledge of the method of manufacture.
6.3 Shape and dimensions
6.3.1 General
For the dimensions of the test specimen, see Table 1.
Where necessary with certain types of apparatus, the length may be shortened symmetrically to 63.5 mm.
The longitudinal direction at the notch is always parallel to the thickness, h.