BS EN ISO 7250:1998 pdf free download.Basic human body measurements for technological design.
Introduction
The well.being of people is greatly dependent on their geometrical relationship with various factors such as clothing, places of work, transportation, homes and recreational activities. To ensure harmony between people and their environments, it is necessary to quantify the size and shape of people for optimization of the technological design of the workplace and the home environment.
1 Scope
BS EN ISO 7250 provides a description of anthropometric measurements which can be used as a basis for comparison of population groups.
The basic list specified in BS EN ISO 7250 is intended to serve as a guide for ergonomists who are required to define population groups and apply their knowledge to the geometric design of the places where people work and live.
This list is not intended to serve as a guide for how to take anthropometric measurements, but it gives information to the ergonomist and designer on the anatomical and anthropometrical bases and principles of measurement which are applied in the solution of design tasks.
BS EN ISO 7250 may be used in conjunction with national or international regulations or agreements to assure harmony in defining population groups. In its various applications, it is anticipated that the basic list will be supplemented by specific additional measurements.
2 Definitions
For the purposes of BS EN ISO 7250, the following definitions apply.
population group
group of people having some common environment or activity
NOTE I These groups may be as diverse as geographically defined populations or specified age groups.
2.2 Anthropometric terms
2.2.1
acromion
most lateral point of the lateral edge of the spine of the scapula
NOTE 2 The height of the acromion is usually equated with shoulder height.
2.2.2
anterior; ventral
towards the front of the body
2.2.3
prefix denoting connection with or relation to each of two symmetrical paired parts
NOTE 3 For example. biacromiai. bitragion.
2.2.4
biceps femoris
one of the large posterior muscles in the thigh of the leg
2.2.5
cervicale
prominent bone at the base of the back of the neck (spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra)
2.2.6
deltoid muscle
large muscle on the lateral border of the upper arm in the shoulder region
2.2.7
distal
away from the main mass of the body
2.2.8
Frankfurt plane
standard horizontal plane at the level of the upper edge of the opening of the external auditory meatus (external ear opening) and the lower border of the orbital margin (lower edge of the eye socket), when the median plane of the head is held vertically
2.2.9
glabella
most anterior point of the forehead between the brow ridges in the midsagittal plane
2.2.10
gluteal fold
skin furrow between the buttock and the thigh
2.2.11
grip axis
axis of the fist corresponding with the longitudinal axis of a rod held in the hand
2.2.12
inferior; caudal
away from the head, towards the bottom
2.2.26
styloid process
most distal protuberance of the radius or the ulna at the wrist
2.2.27
superior; cranial
towards the head, towards the top
2.2.28
thyroid cartilage
prominent cartilage on the anterior surface of the neck
2.2.29
tibiale
point at the upper inside (medial) edge on the proximal end of the tibial bone of the lower leg
2.2.30
tragion
notch just above the tragus (the small cartilaginous flap in front of the ear hole)
2.2.31
ulna
long bone in the forearm on the little finger side
2.2.32
vertex
highest level of the head in the midsagittal plane. with the head oriented in the Frankfurt plane
3 Measuring conditions
It is important that the following conditions are documented together with the numerical results of any survey. Photographs or detailed sketches of measurements and procedures are recommended.
3.1 Clothing of subject
During measurement, the subject shall be nude or shall wear only minimal clothing and shall be bare-headed and without shoes.
3.2 Support surfaces
Standing surfaces (floors), platforms or sitting surfaces shall be flat, horizontal and not compressible.
3.3 Body symmetry
For measurements which may be taken on either side of the body, it is recommended that both sides are measured. If this is not possible, it should be indicated on which side the measurement was taken.
4.1.4 Shoulder height
Description: Vertical distance from the floor to the acromion. See Figure 3.
Method: Subject stands fully erect with feet together. Shoulders are relaxed, with arms hanging freely.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.1.5 Elbow height
Description: Vertical distance from the floor to the lowest bony point of the bent elbow. See Figure 4.
Method: Subject stands fully erect with feet together. Upper arm hangs freely downwards, with forearm flexed at right angles to it.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.1.6 Iliac spine height, standing
Description: Vertical distance from the floor to the anterosuperior iliac spine (the most downward-directed point of the iliac crest). See Figure 5.
Method: Subject stands fully erect with feet together.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.1.7 Crotch height
Description: Vertical distance from the floor to the distal part of the inferior ramus of the pubic bone. See Figure 6.
Method: Subject first stands with legs a maximum of 100mm apart and the movable arm of the measuring instrument is placed against the inner surface of the thigh in such a way that, when pushed higher, it gently presses against the pubic bone. Subject then closes the legs and stands fully erect during the measurement.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.1.12 Hip breadth, standing
Description: Maximum horizontal distance across the hips. See Figure 11.
Method: Subject stands erect with feet together. Measurement is taken without pressing into the flesh of the hips.
Instrument: Anthropometer (large sliding caliper). large spreading caliper.
4.2 Measurements taken while subject sits
4.2.1 Sitting height (erect)
Description: Vertical distance from a horizontal sitting surface to the highest point of the head (vertex). See Figure 12.
Method: Subject sits fully erect with thighs fully supported and lower legs hanging freely. Head is orientated in the Frankfurt plane.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.2.2 Eye height, sitting
Description: Vertical distance from a horizontal sitting surface to the outer corner of the eye. See Figure 13.
Method: Subject sits fully erect with thighs fully supported and lower legs hanging freely. Head is orientated in the Frankfurt plane.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.2.6 Shoulder-elbow length
Description: Vertical distance from acromion to the bottom of the elbow bent at a right angle with the forearm horizontal. See Figure 17.
Method: Subject sits erect with thighs fully supported and lower legs hanging freely. Upper arms hang freely downwards and forearms are horizontal.
Instrument: Anthropometer (large sliding caliper).
4.2.7 Elbow-wrist length
Description: Horizontal distance from wall to wrist
(ulnar styloid process). See Figure 18.
Method: Subject sits or stands erect, back to wall.
Upper arms hanging freely downwards, elbows
touching wall, forearms horizontal.
Instrument: Anthropometer.
4.2.8 Shoulder (biacromial) breadth
Description: Distance along a straight line from acromion to acromion. See Figure 19.
Method: Subject sits or stands fully erect with shoulders relaxed.
Instrument: Large sliding caliper or large spreading caliper.