ISO 60:1977 download.Plastics — Determination of apparent density of material that can be poured from a specified funnel.
1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
ISO 60 specifies a method of determining the apparent density, i.e. the mass per unit of volume, of loose material (powder or granular material) that can be poured from a funnel of specified design.
NOTE — For a method of determining the apparent density of loose moulding material that cannot be poured from a specified funnel, sea ISO 61.
When the method is applied to relatively coarse materials, rather variable results may be obtained, owing to the error Introduced when a straightedge blade is drawn across the top of the cylinder.
A knowledge of apparent density is of limited value in estimating the relative fluffiness or bulk of moulding materials, unless their densities in the moulded condition are approximately the same.
2 APPARATUS
2.1 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g.
2.2 Measuring cylinder, smoothly finished inside, which may be constructed of metal, of capacity 100 ± 0,5 ml, and Internal diameter 45 ± 5 mm.
2.3 Funnel, of the form and dimensions shown In the figure, with a cover for the lower orifice (for example metal plate).
3 PROCEDURE
3.1 Support the funnel (2.3) vertically with its lower orifice 20 to 30 mm above the measuring cylinder (2.2) and coaxial with it. Well mix the sample of the powder or granular material before test. With the lower orifice of the funnel closed b means of the cover, place a quantity of 110 to 120 ml of the powder or granular material in the funnel.
3.2 Remove the cover quickly and allow the material to flow Into the measuring cylinder. If necessary, thermosetting moulding material may be assisted to flow by loosening the material with a rod. If the material will not flow owing to electrostatic charges, another test should be carried out with the addition of a small amount of gamma alumina’ or carbon black (a few per cent) or ethanol (a few millilitres).
When the measuring cylinder is full, draw a straightedge blade across the top of the vessel to remove excess material. Weigh the contents of the measuring cylinder to the nearest 0,1 g, using the balance (2.1).
3.3 Make two determinations on the sample of moulding material under test.
4 EXPRESSION OF RESULTS
The apparent density of the material under test is given, in grams per miUilitre, by the formula where m is the mass, In grams, of the contents of the measuring cylinder;
V is the volume, In mlllilftres, of the measuring cylinder (I.e. 100).
Take as the result the arithmetic mean of the results of the t determinations.
5 TEST REPORT
The test report shall Include the following particulars:
a) complete identification of the material tested;
b) the individual results and the mean;
c) type arid amount of antistatic agent added, if appll• cable.